Protecting Private Property Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Protecting Private Property - Term Paper Example The fact is that Hitler was a socialist, but he also betrayed his socialist principles by promoting the enrichment of a few individuals at the expense of the populace. Despite its massive industrialization and military development at the height of Nazi rule, the German economy was not thriving, and economic growth did not trickle down to the peasants. Looking at this statement at face value suggests that Hitler was a capitalist. However, as a capitalist, he should not have been encouraging and participating in the destruction and grabbing of private Jewish property and businesses. The irony is ridiculous, to say the least. Man must be put in a Position to Develop Freely the Talents that God has given HimI totally agree with this statement. From religious and philosophical perspectives, it is obvious that God created every one of us with a special talent and wanted the best for mankind. In the book of Genesis, God says during the creation that He created man in His own image and liken ess. From the little we know about God, He is omnipotent, omnibenevolent, omniscience and omnipresence. Since we were created in His image and likeness, we should be able to demonstrate limited aspects of these attributes because we cannot be exactly like Him. However, we have abilities that God gave us and only Him – not another man – can deny us the opportunity to develop those God-given human talents and abilities. It is often said that one is born with a talent or ability, or â€Å"was meant† to do something.

Understand person centred approach Essay Example for Free

Understand person centred approach Essay P,C,A, is about how we work with the individual how we give them and show them their rights, rights that they have in life about the choices they can make and how to maintain their privacy and dignity. Looking at the person as a whole not just meeting one of their personal needs but all of their needs by listening and helping the individual to make choices. 1.2 1.3 Explain why person-centred values must and should influence all social care work The influence meets the needs of individuals by providing the best quality care and by insuring you give best care you are influencing a good quality life by treating the individual the way you would want a member of your family to b treated. 305.2 Understand how to implement a person-centred approach in an adult social care setting 2.1 Explain how finding out the history, preferences, wishes and needs of an individual contributes to their care plan Care plans are about the individuals and their preferences, needs and wishes. If done with the correct information then it gives information to others about the individual, their needs, preference’s, needs and wishes it enables the care plan to be completed accurately and reflect about the individual and their preferences, needs and wishes. 2.2 Describe ways to put person-centred values into practice in a complex or sensitive situation Person-centred value in practice would be when an individual is showing distress or being threatening behaviour because of things distressing them, you would ask them what is distressing them, if the individual cannot talk but you know their triggers which could be being asked to much in one sentence or talking to quick to them, once you have found out what s wrong you would then implement practice that has been agreed by staff and other professionals to prevent the risk of serious implications which would be self harm or harming others around them. 305.2 Understand how to implement a person-centred approach in an adult social care setting cont 2.3 Evaluate the use of care plans in applying person-centred values Care Plans are the primary source of individual’s  information. Every specialty, Physical Therapist Occupational Therapist G,P, dentist etc, do an evaluation of the individual and formulate a program of goals for the individual to complete, therapies needed, schedule of goal levels, etc. Each person interacting with the patient can refer to the care plan for any information needed. Done properly the care plan reflects a total person and how to best help them fulfil their goals. 2.4 Explain the importance of monitoring an individual’s changing needs or preferences The importance monitoring changes in an individual is to help us see when or f the individual health is deterioration i.e. their mobility/ability if they seem to be walking worse or f they find it hard to stand p to transfer from chair to chair or if you notice that they are not doing their personal care as good as they normally do, also if they need a change in help with their environment if they need extra help with walking aids or even hearing aid. 305.3 Understand the importance of establishing consent when providing care or support 3.1 Describe factors that influence the capacity of an individual to express consent To consider the influences of the capacity of an individual we would take into account their age if they are able to participate in making options for their self, if they are actually aware of choices that have to be made i.e. doctor appointments or any form of surgery and if they have the mental capacity to consent to surgery or even being seen by opposite sex professional. 3.2 Explain how to establish consent for an activity to action To be able give consent the individual is to be able to verbally consent or even write it down and sign for it or ask their representative or advocate. 305.3 Understand the importance of establishing consent when providing care or support cont 3.3 Explain what steps to take if consent cannot be readily established If it’s possible not to continue with the task until we have spoken to the C, S, L, or T, C, but write down any information relevant to the task maybe if needed to arrange a best interest meeting with advocates or next of kin to be able to continue the task. 305.4 Understand how to implement and promote active participation 4.1 Explain the principles of active participation  Active participation is a way of working that recognises an individual’s right to participate in the activities and relationships of everyday life as independently as possible; the individual is regarded as an active partner in their own care or support, rather than a passive recipient. 4.2 Explain how the holistic needs of an individual can be addressed by active participation Holistic covers all aspect of the individual’s health and well-being and base on their needs and not others as each person has their own needs and specification of care. 4.3 Explain how to work with an individual and others to agree how active participation will be implemented Whilst you are having discussions with the individual we provide encouragement from family or advocates also whilst discussing we would provide useful information that they would be able to understand and ensuring that we are using the appropriate persuasion techniques. 4.4 Explain how to promote the understanding and use of active participation It is important to engage the individual and maybe appropriate to use physical as well as visual communication aids. Enabling and support individual’s to access community resources and facilities; perhaps by way of design of suitable events. Inclusion of family members as well as friends would also encourage active participation. 305.5 Understand how to support an individual’s right to make choices 5.1 Describe different approaches to support an individual to make informed choices The different approaches we could use to help make informed choice would be discussions with providing relevant information with guidance from friends and family also with advocates and other support services. 5.2 Describe how to support an individual to question or challenge decisions  concerning them that are made by others I would use and follow the complaint procedure by speaking to my senior member of staff also write up a list of what is of concern on behalf of our people and insist on having a second opinion. 5.3 Explain the consequences of allowing the personal views of others to influence an individual’s choices The possible consequence would be lack of motivation of doing anything for you or other people, low self esteem and showing signs of stress because of lack of choice which could lead to the individuals needs not being met which in turn could mean the person is being abused. 305.6 Understand how to promote an individual’s well being 6.1 Explain the links between identity, self-image and self esteem The link between the three is if you are confident with you identity with the way you look and are then yourself image is projected throw it and you have high self esteem of yourself. If you not confident with you identity then you more than likely to lean on others and have lower self esteem. 6.2 Explain factors that contribute to the well-being of an individual The factors that contribute would be Spiritual factors that enrich lives and touch people and are uplifting on a deep level such as religion, music and art. Religious- factors such as attending church or a mosque or visits from their local religious leaders, being able to celebrate religious celebrations also having a quiet place to prey. 305.6 Understand how to promote an individual’s well being cont 6.2 Explain factors that contribute to the well-being of an individual cont Cultural- factors that respect the individual’s likes choices and preferences and that give them a sense of what is normal to them. Social- factors such as opportunities to be with others, to communicate with others, to share in group activities. 6.3 Explain the importance of supporting an individual in a way that promotes their sense of identity self image and self esteem There are multitudes of approaches for supporting an individual in a manner that promotes their sense of identity and self esteem. It is best to allow them to suggest what  they want to do or to attempt to do things their own way and provide gentle coaching to steer them along. 6.4 Describe ways to contribute to an environment that promotes well-being To promote well-being in the individual’s house/ their bedroom you would put in their room things that identity them with things that they like or are into be it their favourite ornaments or pictures to make it their 305.7 Understand the role of risk assessment in enabling a person-centred approach 7.1 Compare different uses of risk assessment in adult social care settings Types of risk assessment we follow are about mobility on what we do on outings. The different use of a risk assessment would depend on the reason of use it would evaluate the difference of preventing accidents which would lead to injuries to individuals, workers and others, it would describe the procedure and steps we would follow to help prevent accidents. Risk assessments are also to make sure we meet legal requirements. 7.2 Explain how risk assessment relates to rights and responsibilities Risk assessment is legal right to protect people from danger or harm of the surrounding area of the person. There has to be a clear guidance in what is dangerous for the person or harmful. 305.7 Understand the role of risk assessment in enabling a person-centred approach cont 7.3 Explain how risk-taking relates to rights and responsibilities Risk taking relates to rights and responsibilities in the following ways Freedom of choice, Maintaining independence, Maintaining dignity and respect of each other 7.4 Explain why risk assessment need to be regularly revised They are revised annually or if circumstances changes in people or person also in if the surroundings or equipment have changed it also ensures that we are up-to-date on what’s happening. 7.5 Explain the importance of using agreed risk assessment processes to support choice Each individual supported also staff has risk assessment’s  as part of their support plan. The risk assessment contains information about the person and type of care and support they need. It tells you how to do tasks that may need risk assessment and best option has been established, be it moving and handling has changed due to health issues or that the individual don’t like that way.

Theme Writing in a Five Paragraph Structured Form :: Writing Education Teaching Essays

Theme Writing in a Five Paragraph Structured Form I'll just run off five quick paragraphs with a couple big words and a solid structure and I'll breeze through another paper. Let the nonsense begin. I never really liked my parents. I found out in high school that if you disagree with anyone, expect detention. Now I found myself in a new setting. I was surrounded by people yearning to write, straining to listen, dying to learn. I was in expository writing 220. I looked around and noticed that everyone seemed to be sitting in the proper first day arrangement, guys on one side, girls on the other. One person refused to be like the others in the group. He crouched down on the table. I would later get to know him as Dave, the writing center guy. As I started to get comfortable a man walked in. He was slender in build and walked with authority but looked more like one of us than one of them. He walked in crumbling tennis shoes and matched awkwardly, like people used to in the seventies. Things would be a little different then I was a custom to, it turned out he was the professor. Weeks passed. He taught us how to catch errors and how not to write. He taught us that theme writing was b ad, real bad. He taught us how to use our voice and how it important it was to get the feeling out of a paper. Then he told us to write. I looked around the room. I watched people with confused eyes, flaring nostrils, pulsating ears. "How do we stray away from theme writing when that's all we done our whole lives?" Nobody asked the question, "why have we done that our entire life?" I can tell you why. It's a simple way of writing and except in this classroom, it's excepted college wide as an excellent way to set up a paper. So is our professor a little confused? Theme writing and simple five paragraph papers are exactly were it's at. What a great opening paragraph. It states what the paper is going to be about with out actually coming out and saying it, and the creativity of my word choice and variation of sentence length should stray m.c. from realizing I have no clue what I'm actually talking about. Just three paragraphs backing up my thesis left and a soft conclusion and I'm done, piece of cake.

Tanning Beds and Skin Cancer Essay -- Medical Medicine Papers

Tanning Beds and Skin Cancer What is UV radiation? Before one can discuss harmful effects of tanning equipment and increased sun exposure, one must be familiar with the components of ultraviolet light and how affects the skin. Sunlight contains two types of ultraviolet (UV) light: UVA and UVB. UVA rays consist of longer wavelengths that penetrate deep into the dermal layer of skin. Limited exposure to UVA rays causes skin to tan; however, most experts agree that overexposure to UVA can lead to other long-term skin damage. UVB rays’ wavelengths are much shorter, affecting the outermost layers of skin. UVB rays are known as the "burning rays" and are considered more dangerous. Tanning beds and sun lamps generally emit 93% to 99% UVA radiation increasing the benefits of a tan This is three times the UVA radiation given off by the sun (http://www.wraltv.com/features/healthteam/1998/0520-sunscreen/). What’s the difference between a tan and sunburn? It is also important to know what happens to the skin as it is tanned or burned and what the long-term, harmful effects may be. UVB rays are most responsible for a skin’s burning. The rays actually pop the capillaries just beneath the surface of the skin (http://www.cybermall2000.com/stones/tanning/index.html). Long-wavelength, UVA rays have totally different results on the skin. As UVA rays penetrate into the skin, melanin granules are oxidized and tan, or, turn golden brown. However, UVB rays are required to stimulate these melanin granules to rise to the skin’s surface, especially in skin that possesses small amounts of the pigment, melanin (http://www.shop.net/suncity/). What makes tanning beds safer? Most tanning bed industries agree that indoor ... ...A ‘sun-bed.’ British Journal of Dermatology 1982; 107: 275-284. Kennedy, M., Kim, K., Harten, B., Brown, J., Planck, S., Meshul, C.,Edelhauser, H., Rosenbaum, J.T., Armstrong, C.A., & Ansel, J.C. (1997). Ultraviolet Irradiation Induces the Production of Multiple Cytokines by Human Corneal Cells. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science. Sept, 1997, Vol. 3, No. 10. Bolseman, C., Beitner, H., Jansson, B., Nilsson, B., &Ullen, H. (1996). Sunbed use in relation to phenotype, erythema, sunscreen use and skin diseases. A questionnaire survey among Swedish adolescents. British Journal of Dermatology 1996; 135: 712-716. Douglass, H.M., McGee, R., & Williams, S. (1997). Sun behavior and perceptions of risk for melanoma among 21-year old New Zealanders. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 21(3): 329-334. (abstract).

Merit for motivation Essay

JOHN: John has always wanted to be a professional footballer and loves playing the game. This is the main reason why he keeps himself motivated and participating in sport. He has a high achievement motivation as he really wants to succeed in football. If it wasn’t for these reasons he would probably stop playing football or play for a team where there is lower pressure to win. One of the reasons why he may only participate in sport for a short time is that he internally attributes failure. He thinks of himself as being a bad defender and is not quick enough. This will mean that he has low confidence in himself so he may want to stop participating in football. As the coach is not telling him otherwise he really believes it is true. This is the next reason why he might not participate in sport for very long as he receives no verbal persuasion. His coach does not tell him that he values John and it makes him feel like he is not wanted in the team. As he has no self confidence this will make him feel like he is not good at football. Instead of giving praise the coach also shouts things like â€Å"that’s not good enough† which makes him feel even worse. The final reason that he may not participate long in sport is that his coach always blames the results on unstable factors instead of addressing the problems. He tells John and his team mates they only lost because of bad refereeing or bad pitches. This will give them a false sense of confidence as they will think hey can continue playing like they are until luck goes on their side. JULIA: Julia has a high achievement motivation as she loves her sport and loves winning races. She has been winning lots of races recently so is very confident. This will help her to carry on participating as she is pleased with the achievements that she is getting like winning races. Her coach is always giving her verbal persuasion and telling her she is good at running. He praises her before and after each session so that she will always be confident. This will help her to continue participating in running as her confidence is high. Julia has plenty of opportunities of success as not only does she enter lots of races she also reaches goals when she is training which success is. While she is gaining success she will want to continue running. The coach does this on purpose so she will no that she is capable of gaining good times as she will have done so in training. Julia has plenty of vicarious opportunities. This is where she gets to see other people and how they run. As she runs on her own she needs someone else to watch. Her coach is still an active runner and wins races some of which are televised. Julia will be able to watch her coach and see how he performs and trains and then try and follow his example. If he is putting in the training and winning big races then she will be able to see the benefits of her training. Her only downfall is that she sometimes exhibits internal failure. She gets nervous before a race so her coach tells her to relax before a race but she finds this very difficult. This could be something she needs to conquer to gain more success. JOHN: The first way in which John could be motivated so that he will continue participation is by getting verbal persuasion. John is a player who does not believe he is good enough so it is essential that someone tells him that he is. This person should be the coach who needs to let john no what he is good is. As john does not think that he is quick enough the coach could tell john the things that he is good at so he can use the attributes he has got. If john is playing badly then the coach needs to explain what he is doing wrong and not just shout at john for playing badly as this will make his confidence even lower. If johns coach is not telling him this then other team mates or a parent could help him to start playing better. The coach will also need to find out how to motivate John. To do this the coach will need to work out why John is laying for the team like weather it is to be a professional or because he really likes to win. After the coach has found this out he will be able to motivate john better. The coach could do this by arranging an interview with john and asking him about his problems at the club. After he has found out about Johns problems he could set goals at training for him to aim for. Another method that could be used to motivate john would be to give him some vicarious experience. This is experience from watching another player. From this he would be able to pick up lots of pointers and it could help to improve johns game which would in turn would improve his confidence and make him want keep participating. The coach could arrange for John to watch an older boy playing at right back and let him take notes on how he plays. Or the coach could get John to watch a professional full back on the television and gain take notes on the player. This method is very good for people of a younger age like John as it can help them to develop there game in later life. JULIA: Julia’s coach uses goal setting in training for some things. In order to keeps Julia staying motivating he could introduce lots of goals. Goal setting is good for Julia for two reasons. The first is that she will realize her potential so if she is getting her goals in training then she will know that she will be able to get the goals in the real race. This will help her confidence as she will believe in herself. The second reason is that it gives her success which will make her confidence high. Julia loves success so her gaining her goals in training will make her very confident and happy. When she is confident and happy she will want to keep participating in her sort. The second motivation strategy that can be used to keep Julia participating in her sport would be to offer her extrinsic rewards. This could be of her coach or off her parents. Extrinsic rewards are things such as money or items that can be offered to Julia if she wins a race. For example her parents could say if you break our personal best of one and a half hours we will buy you the running shoes that you wanted. This will make Julia want to train very hard so that she can get the new running shoes. It will also make her keep participating as she knows that if she stops participating she will not get the shoes that she wants. The coach can offer different types of rewards. For example he could say if you win the county race I will get you a trial for England running team. He can do this as he is head of the England Juniors. This will make Julia want to carry on participating as this reward would be a dream come true. The main reason that Julia keeps training hard for eight hours a day is because her coach gives her lots of verbal persuasion. This is the main reason for Julia participating as it makes her feel good about herself. This means that for Julia to continue to participate in running her coach needs to continue to praise Julia when she does something good.

The Luddites essays

The Luddites essays Technology is one of the greatest inventions that man had come up with. I think that many believe the same way and at the same time have changed many peoples lives. With our generation I can honestly say that we cant live without present time technologies. For starters, how would an average teenager react if all appliances that play any type of music were to be taken off the market and destroyed? Probably an uprising would occur and much protest would take place on the streets. Or how about if all television sets were to be taken off the market and destroyed. No more television to watch and entertain us. Now that attracts a little more bigger crowd, including all people that are in the media and entertainment business, actors of all kinds, directors, screen writers, producers, and the most scariest of all, the people that use all of need these people and things for entertainment. The point I am trying to get to be that no one is used to Immediate change in his or her life. If these types of changes were to occur in our life, not to many people would be happy and start to riot on the people who are responsible. Thats what the Luddites were mad about when the first technological inventions were brought to life. It was around the time of the Industrial Revolution and it was time for the new technological inventions to come around. Back in the early 1800s much work in factories were done by hand which required as much help needed and that was no problem with the population growth and the need of more jobs. The pay was there and the job, well it was a living to put food on the table. As new technology came along, workloads became less and the amount of work seemed to decrees to people. Finally factory owner had something to look forward to, the production of more goods. The workers on the other hand had a different opinion about things. They didnt like the idea of less work, for them it was th...

The Influential Music of Bob Marley essays

The Influential Music of Bob Marley essays What are Bob Marley's viewpoints on race/racism and how does he interpret his beliefs through the lyrics in his songs? I chose to research this topic because Bob Marley is my favorite artist of all time. I also chose this topic because not too many people understand his lyrics and his messages he's trying to send out to his listeners, and I thought by researching this topic, I would learn a little more about Marley and his lyrics. The methods I used to do research included Marley songs, books, DVDs and internet websites. While completing this project, my major findings were that Bob Marley was one of the most influential people in music history. Bob Marley used his lyrics and music to spread messages to his listeners about the religion of Rastafari, love, political issues, but most importantly, unity and equality. Poet. Prophet. Rasta. Lyrical genius. Legend. Those are just some words to briefly describe Bob Marley, but the two words that I think best describe Marley are a freedom fighter. Bob Marley was a freedom fighter because that's exactly what he did, he fought against oppression in hopes to gain freedom for himself and his followers. Bob Marley is a symbol of freedom throughout the world, especially the Third World and underdeveloped countries. Marley's philosophy was that everyone has the right to freedom and that you should fight against the system to achieve freedom. Marley said, " Better to die to fight for freedom than to live like a prisoner all the days of your life." Bob Marley's views on race and racism are similar to the beliefs of some of the authors we've learned about in weeks 4-6 about race and ethnicity. Marley and Joe and Clairece Feagin, authors of " Basic Concepts in the Study of Racial and Ethnic Relations," believe that there is only one race, the human race. Marley believed that we are all the creation from one man, and that is God. " God never made any difference between black, whi...

8 Startling Truths About Multitasking And Productivity

8 Startling Truths About Multitasking And Productivity One of the more popular posts on this blog described how to save time writing blog posts. Perhaps I ought to have taken that to heart. Over the three days it took me to write this blog post, I found myself writing it: While watching TV. While babysitting three little kids. While periodically checking Twitter. With two side-by-side computer monitors, one running a news feed. That would explain why it took me three days to write one post. What destroys your blog? Irregular posting. Sloppy writing. Unanswered comments and conversation. No new ideas. Split focus  on everything but writing blog posts. Andmultitasking. Content marketers are a busy lot, especially if they are going it alone. They are planning editorial calendars and  content marketing strategies, managing social media, engaging and networking with others and, of course, writing blog posts.  Multitasking seems like the perfect solution: get more done in a limited amount of time. Time is like a pie isnt it, after all? You can slice it up into as many pieces as you want and still have a whole pie. Except that a pie sliced into lots of tiny pieces is a mushy mess. It isnt much of a pie at all. Content marketers are true multitaskers. And thats not a good thing. 8 Startling Truths About Multitasking And Productivity via @JulieNeidlinger1. Multitasking is damaging your brain. Let's start with the big one: your brain. Ever write your blog posts while watching TV? Sitting in on a conference call? Listening to the chatter in the open office? You're asking your brain to split its attention and it can't do that. Our brains are not capable of focusing on multiple tasks at once. They simply aren't. We think they are, but what's happening is your brain is jumping back and forth between the tasks, focusing briefly one at a time. And not only can our brains not make it happen, but they get damaged when we try to force them. Constant interruption (which is what multitasking is) brings on higher levels of stress. It's cognitive overload, and it dulls our brain and our reaction times.  According to a study at the University of Sussex, constant multitasking actually damages your brain. They found out that people who regularly multitasking have lower brain density in the region of their brain responsible for empathy, cognitive control and emotional control. The good news is that you can  fix that damage, the study found, if you take up activities that require concentration or make changes to the things distracting you. Work on one thing at a time, in a place where you can concentrate. So no. Don't multitask. Don't damage your brain. Because that's going to have an effect on your writing, obviously, as well as how you cope with the rest of the workload that content marketing requires. 2. Multitasking  makes you less productive. According to Dr. Susan Weinschenk, multitasking isn't even the right word. What really happens is task-switching, and it takes more time to switch tasks than stick with them until you finish. We think because we're good at switching from one task to another that that makes us good at multitasking. But having a great ability to lose focus isn't admirable. Studies have found that multitasking reduces your productivity by 40%. 40%! If you're convinced that multitasking makes you super-productive, you're super wrong. It just means you backtrack a lot, because every time you switch tasks, you have to repeat a bit to find out where you last left off. How many times have you had to re-read your blog post drafts because you can't remember what you wrote since your last attempt? Singular focus is how you get things done. Illustration by professional comic artist Brian Shearer. 3. Multitasking makes you dumb. That sounds pretty harsh, but repeated exposure to multitasking hurts your ability to continue learning, and can even cause you to lose ground. A University of London study found that multitasking, when attempting to do cognitive tasks (of which writing is definitely one), lowered IQ scores as much as if study participants had used marijuana or stayed up all night. All of that multitasking is reducing your intelligence. It  makes  you lose the ability to know what is important and what isn't. And it's blinding you to the fact that you're not good at all of your attempts to juggle multiple tasks. 4. Multitasking  makes you prone to cheat. Cheating (intentional or not) happens when you make sloppy mistakes you otherwise would not make. According to Weinschenk, you  "make more errors when you switch than if you do one task at a time.  If the tasks are complex then these time and error penalties increase." Multitasking itself won't make you dishonest and turn you into a content crook, but being pressed for time (which is what multitasking ultimately leads to) makes you cut corners. And that's when sloppy things happen that can get you into trouble. Sloppy things like using images you don't have permission to use, or plagiarizing or lifting content a little too heavily. 5. Multitasking hides tools that are working against you. Because we think multitasking is good or, at best, necessary, we use tools to help us be "productive" and get as much done as possible. Unfortunately, our tools aren't helping us. They are working against us. How? We don't realize how bad our tools are. The Faustian bargain we make innocently is one of exchanging work for busy-ness. Multitasking makes us feel very busy, and it often leaves us feeling like we've been productive and good workers, though strangely panicked at the sight of our to-do list with its scant completion rate. All of this fake work success hides the fact that our tools aren't very good. We pick them up and use them a bit and then pick up the next tool, and repeatbecause this is what multitasking is. We swear the tools we have work for us, that they do the job. That we couldn't do it without them. But if we stopped multitasking and stuck with one thing from start to finish, we'd realize how our tools hampered us. We choose tools not meant for the job. One of the joys of working with is that it is specifically meant for the task of creating great content for your WordPress blog and social media. It's meant for content marketing. It isn't a generic task management platform that you can wrangle into being about content marketing. Tools with a specific purpose can help keep you from multitasking and distractions. Specific tools mean you aren't jumping between browser tabs to use tools, and accidentally checking Facebook between opening new tabs. They are built to flow in the direction your work would flow. None of this hopping stuff. Ad hoc tools tend to lead to multitasking because they force you to start and stop and jump around. Illustration by professional comic artist Brian Shearer. 6. Multitasking lowers the quality of your work. When you multitask, your work suffers. Terribly. A study by the National Bureau of Economic Research revealed that multitasking reduces worker performance, makes projects last longer (remember, it took me three days to write this post!), and creates that panic-inducing backlog because your to-do list isn't getting done. Peter Bregman wrote about his experience with multitasking in the Harvard Business Review. While sitting in on a conference call, Bregman decided to not waste any time at all and use that time to email a client. He sent the email. He realized he had forgotten the attachment. He sent another email, with an apology and the proper attachment. And then he had to send a third email explaining why that attachment was the wrong one and apologized while offering the correct attachment. It was at this point he realized that the conference call attendees (specifically, the Chair of the Board) were waiting for him to answer a question. Think you're awesome at your work because you're doing two things at once? Nope. You just make yourself look bad in front of others. 7. Multitasking reduces the ability to make connections. Multitasking reduces your ability to remember things, and that's dangerous for content marketers. A great content marketer needs to be able to recall and connect the blogs, books, and articles they've read in ordered to create valuable and on-point content for their audience. Study after study has shown that when you multitask, you lose the ability to remember what you were doing, you are unable to learn as much, and you have difficulty putting what you're learning into new contexts. Imagine putting in a few hours of research for a blog post only to have been so distracted that when it comes time to write another post, you are unable to remember or recontextualize that same information. Multitasking while reading and researching doesn't work. It leaves you without the ability to recycle previous content and research, i.e. takes more work and time. 8. Multitasking audiences require more work from you. There are some who say that this multitasking infection that has spread across the land is actually a good thing for content marketers. It means that the audience is multitasking, too, particularly with their mobile phones. People are digging and researching and consuming amounts of content that they might not have had they been more single-minded and focused with the task at hand. According to a 2012 Nielsen survey, 47% of tablet users over the age of 13 visit social networking sites while watching television. 27% look up information related to the advertising they see. 61% check their email while watching a program. Audiences are multitaskers, consuming multiple pieces of content at once.In other words, when it comes to media and content, audiences are usually  consuming at least two types of content at once. That is all wonderful, but only if you are meeting these readers where they are in all of the forms possible, and are able to grab their already split focus. That means being on email. Social. The usual suspects. And it also means content that a distracted reader can comprehend quickly, using: Headlines, headings, and subheadings that relay information at a glance. Clear graphics that aren't filler, but relay content. White space. Design that doesn't confuse with clutter. Choosing colors that help your message along and attract your audience. An audience that is multitasking means you have more opportunities, but it also means you are fighting to be noticed. People can only truly focus on one thing, and you want that to be your content. Don't grab them with the headline, with the first paragraph, with the graphics? They're clicking away  to another distraction.  It's a strange Catch-22, fighting against multitasking distraction by trying to be a distraction. What Should You Do About It? Much of the exhortation to blog and create content more regularly comes down to time management. That's why understanding the fallacy of multitasking is important to getting back on track. There are a few things you can do to combat the problem of multitasking: 1. Mix your activities  correctly.  Ã‚  If you must do two things at once, then go about it with the right mix of complexity and simplicity. They key is to match high cognitive activities (like writing or anything that involves complex thinking and judgment), with physical tasks your brain's autopilot (the cerebellum) can handle. Go for a walk and get your blog post outline organized in your head. Talk with a client while making a cup of tea. You get the idea.  Look at your list and match the auto-pilot tasks with the cognitive ones. Read while listening to music without lyrics (lyrics ignite the language center of your brain used for reading...not good.) Never pair multiple cognitive tasks together.

Fortune Global 500 Corporation Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Fortune Global 500 Corporation - Case Study Example Samsung electronics started in 1969 manufacturing products such as Television sets, radios, computer accessories and security appliances. Mobile phones came later on in the 90’s. In the 90’s (Business Week, 2006), the company established factories in Britain, United States of America, Thailand, Mexico,china and Spain. South Korea is Samsung’s mother country but the company has opened up subsidiaries in many other countries, that total up to about 67. 2 In most countries where Samsung operates, the mixed economy market system is in place. The system blends free enterprise as well as elements of state control. Some resources are owned by the state and others are owned by private entities (Lindblom 2002). The other element of mixed economy system is that the state is most active in influencing tax regimes and laws. The private businesses are allowed to operate within these laws when making and implementing their in house decisions. Lawful systems that exist in count ries where Samsung operates in are based on religious law, civil law and common law or a blend of the three. Market systems and legal systems can affect a company’s operations, in this case, the Samsung Company. The type of the market system in a country of operation can either propel growth for the company or spell doom for the company in that particular country. For example, if a country subscribes to the planned economy, where the state decides everything as well as controlling all businesses, the company operating in that country is most likely to close shop since the business environment is not conducive. The same case applies to the legal systems. If a country has detrimental and rigid legal systems that do not favors business initiatives and ventures, companies operating in that particular country are bound to face numerous difficulties in there day to day operations (Kritzer and Silbey, 2003). Therefore, success of companies operating in various countries is dependent on favorable market and legal systems. 3 Political risk in this scenario can be described as the risk a host state will make as it formulates and implements political decisions and these decisions prove to have magnified effects on a multi-national company’s profits and/or objectives. Political risks can be immense property destruction brought about by conflicts or revolutions. Political risk can also be of financial nature, where a state introduces retrogressive laws and tax regimes that hinder capital movement and profit making (Kritzer and Silbey, 2003). Political risks can force a company to increase prices of their products due to the high cost of production. They can also force a company to close shop in that particular country if the investor climate in that particular country is not conducive. If I was a political consultant for a company, I would advice the company to first conduct research on the political risks in a country before venturing into the investments. T herefore, political risks can be related to the market and legal systems that countries have subscribed. 4 A company like Samsung must satisfy a number of stakeholders as it conducts its operations. First, it must satisfy the needs of its clients and learn effectively on how to cope with high demand for its products and services. The company must also take into consideration the welfare of its employees seriously in order to boost morale and Productivity. It is also feasible for the company to satisfy also the host

Operation and sizing of energy storage for wind power plants in a Term Paper

Operation and sizing of energy storage for wind power plants in a market - Term Paper Example Wind energy provides a priceless supplement for the energy sources available conventionally across the world. However, the sporadic nature of wind energy limits the maximum penetration of wind power that can be made available for the networks of electricity (Korpas, Hildrum and Holen 1). Also, since production in wind power experiences significant fluctuations, it becomes difficult for the owners of the wind power plants to sustain against the competition in the emerging markets of electricity. Some of the significant factors in relation to the operation and sizing of energy storage for wind power plants in a market include the impact of the mechanisms of the electricity markets, constraints of the transmission line, and forecast of the accuracy of the wind power. These factors together determine the advantages and disadvantages of the storage of wind power. Considering all these issues, a computer model has been developed to achieve the scheduling and operation of the resources bein g distributed in the market system (Korpas, Hildrum and Holen 1). The present study discusses on the operation and sizing of the energy storage for wind power plants in a market. ... In case of generation of excess electricity, often wastage occurs. Countries like the United Kingdom (UK) have reported huge payments for power that remained unused since the year 2011. The cost of such unused power shifts on to those who pay the taxes. Continuous research is being conducted to determine the causes of a marketplace leading to power wastage. Over the years, greater attention has been drawn on the hydro-electric storage and use of more modern battery and fuel cell systems. Cryogenic energy storage (CES) has been obtained as one of the most effective measures for capture and storage of electricity, the process being highly innovative and new. It is expected that CES will be able to solve the current problems of wind power storage of energy (Lo). Hydro-Storage for Wind Power Energy: It is being researched and suggested that higher rates of pumped hydro storage would benefit the storage of wind power. This process enables storage of energy through water being pumped from a low reservoir to a reservoir located at a higher location. The method is applied in case of excess of energy. In case of wind energy, this is helpful when wind blows hard at the nights. Thus when the energy is needed, the valves of the storage can be opened up and the water can be allowed to run through the wind turbines. This is a process similar to all hydro stations (Richard). Cryogenic energy storage (CES) for Wind Power Energy Storage: As discussed, one of the most prominent problems in regard to the storage of wind power energy is the intermittency of the power, making the issue of energy storage highly critical. Engineers have in the present times focused on cryogenic energy storage where they have established technology trying to create a modular, scalable

Project Management Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Project Management - Research Proposal Example Throughout literature, there seems to be a two-sided wave of discussion on the core forms of risk associated with the oil and gas industry. These are what may be referred to as historical risk factors and complex modern risk factors (Geman, 2005). Parigi and Guiso (1999) noted that the oil and gas industry has for long suffered from historical risk factors that have always seemed to be available, no matter the area of investment in the industry. Some of the specific historical risk factors are named to include commodity price volatility, geopolitics, cost risk, demand and supply risk, and political risk. In the estimation of Grenadier (2002) however, even though these historical risk factors cannot be pushed under the carpet, the industry continues to experience so much complexity that expands its risks beyond those mentioned earlier. In the light of this, the industry is said to be faced with complex modern risk factors which are directly focused on macroeconomic influences (Hansen, 1982). With this said, the industry can be said to be harboring a form of increasing proclivity of mega-projects at the national levels which account for a leveraged economies of scale, which have pushed for the existence of macroeconomic influences. There are a number investment appraisal and risk management techniques used in the oil and gas industry today. This section of the review gives an overview of these techniques, when they are considered right for application, and the limitation that comes with each. The first technique is the accounting rate of return (ARR). Williams (2002) noted that this technique is appropriate in determining the profit an investor requires from an investment as against the amount invested. Its limitation however is that it is not considered suitable when dealing with competing projects as competing projects may have same rate of return but different net present value (Parigi and Guiso, 1999). There is also the use of payback

Cause and Effect Essay. Ill put topics in the instruction box and you Essay

Cause and Effect . Ill put topics in the instruction box and you may pick one - Essay Example Fast foods include Barbecue sause, chicken, nuggets, burgers, pizza, sandwich, pasties, and other common as well as popular brands (Dundes, Lauren and Swann 154). Evidently, there are various causes and effects of junk foods as demonstrated by research. It is almost impossible to explain the certain shift in consumption pattern; however, according to experts several drivers initiate the existence of fast foods. Among the youth and working class pressure from their environment has been a leading factor (Coulston, Rock, and Elaine 112). Evidently, many students engage in various activities ranging from studies and extra-carriculum. Notably, they have limited time to prepare healthy food instead resorting to buying fast foods. The situation is same to the working environment who have no ability to balance between work and food (Hertzler, Ann A., Webb, Ryland and Frary 52). In response, employees carry fast foods or drop into fast food restaurants. Apart from the tight schedule, advertisement techniques used by fast food restaurants have made it impossible to avoid their products. The soothing sight and imagined taste always arouse people to try the discoveries hence the continued use of fast foods. Most importantly, the use of fast fo ods continues to thrive because of influence from friends or parents. The effects of eating fast foods are evident from every corner of the world. The food rich in sugar, fat and calories affect health and normal operations. In as much as freshly harvested foods may also have the mentioned elements, it is important to note that the diverse effects exhibited in fast foods out ways the limited effects of fresh food (Schlosser 80). Obesity is one serious effect of fast food that has forced the world to look for solutions instead of analysing the causes. The complication arising from too much fat in the body lead to increased weight, which might also attract complications such as high blood

Decision Making, Decision Levels and Types of Problems Research Paper

Decision Making, Decision Levels and Types of Problems - Research Paper Example System theories such as decision theory (involving studies on how to choose better solutions) and game theory (involving studies on conflict identification and resolution) are useful in organizations today. However, as organizations are governed by complex systems, there are also corresponding approaches that go with these theories. According to Walonick (1993, para. 5), there are two different approaches used in understanding a system or its components, the cross-sectional and developmental approaches. In the cross-sectional approach, a system is analyzed in relation to other systems while in the developmental approach, a system is analyzed through the changes that it undergoes throughout time. These approaches are used to understand a particular, general system; either in its own context, or in the context of its relations to other systems. Accordingly, these approaches are practiced in various fields in arts (e.g. architecture) and sciences (e.g. medicine, computer studies). Gener al Systems Theory and Approach in Information Technology As system theories and approaches are used to understand the concepts behind a system, these theories and approaches are essential elements in the process of conflict identification and resolution. ... Considering this situation, it can also be said that system theories are necessary in the decision-making process of information system creation as those influence the design of the system. Decision Levels and Types of Problems The decision-making process in creating an information system consists of a combination of complex problems and solution. As mentioned by Skyttner (2005, p. 400), there are three types of problems (structured, semi-structured, and unstructured) and three decision levels (operational, tactical, and strategical) involved in the decision-making process. Additionally Skyttner (2005, p. 400) explains that structured problems refer to problems that can be broken down into different quantifiable elements while semi-structured problems points to problems that are â€Å"partly structured and partly unstructured. Furthermore, unstructured problems refer to problems that do not have clear conventions, which require the evaluative and insightful capacity of decision-make rs. Aside from the impact system theories in the identification of the problem structure, those theories are also essential in recognizing the appropriate decision level that should be maintained in conflict resolution process. In the words of Schmidt and Wilhelm (2000, p. 1510), the tactical level in the decision-making process refers to â€Å"the material flow of from suppliers to production facilities. In this process, decision-makers are able to choose the material that should be used in operation as well as where to get those materials. Following the tactical level in the decision-making process is the strategic level wherein decision-makers prescribe the use of specific materials in the production. Thus, strategic level decisions consist of pronouncements regarding production

Cause and Effect Essay. Ill put topics in the instruction box and you Essay

Cause and Effect . Ill put topics in the instruction box and you may pick one - Essay Example Fast foods include Barbecue sause, chicken, nuggets, burgers, pizza, sandwich, pasties, and other common as well as popular brands (Dundes, Lauren and Swann 154). Evidently, there are various causes and effects of junk foods as demonstrated by research. It is almost impossible to explain the certain shift in consumption pattern; however, according to experts several drivers initiate the existence of fast foods. Among the youth and working class pressure from their environment has been a leading factor (Coulston, Rock, and Elaine 112). Evidently, many students engage in various activities ranging from studies and extra-carriculum. Notably, they have limited time to prepare healthy food instead resorting to buying fast foods. The situation is same to the working environment who have no ability to balance between work and food (Hertzler, Ann A., Webb, Ryland and Frary 52). In response, employees carry fast foods or drop into fast food restaurants. Apart from the tight schedule, advertisement techniques used by fast food restaurants have made it impossible to avoid their products. The soothing sight and imagined taste always arouse people to try the discoveries hence the continued use of fast foods. Most importantly, the use of fast fo ods continues to thrive because of influence from friends or parents. The effects of eating fast foods are evident from every corner of the world. The food rich in sugar, fat and calories affect health and normal operations. In as much as freshly harvested foods may also have the mentioned elements, it is important to note that the diverse effects exhibited in fast foods out ways the limited effects of fresh food (Schlosser 80). Obesity is one serious effect of fast food that has forced the world to look for solutions instead of analysing the causes. The complication arising from too much fat in the body lead to increased weight, which might also attract complications such as high blood

Company Law negligence Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Company Law negligence - Case Study Example Section 171 CA 2006 provides that directors have a duty to act within their powers. A director of a company must: (a) act in accordance with the company constitution; and (b) only exercise powers for the purposes for which they are conferred. In the case of Re Smith & Fawcett Ltd [1942] Ch 304 it was held that: "directors must act bona fide in what they consider - not what a court may consider - is in the interest of the co., and not for any collateral purpose".5 Alex, Brad and Carl who are the directors of Zed Ltd owe duties to Zed Ltd and not the employees of the company or anyone else. Since Brad worked as a chemical engineer in the company before becoming a director and the other directors complain that he should have known about this new technology, it must be addressed to what extent Brad's actions were reasonable and whether he had any specialized knowledge to which he should have exercised. As a director, he is obligated under s.172 CA 2006 to promote the success of the company in a way that he considers to be good faith. He must take into consideration the likely consequences of any decisions in the long term; the interests of the company's employees; the need to foster the company's business relationships with suppliers, customers and others; the impact of the company's operations on the community and the environment; the desirability of the company maintaining a reputation for high standards of business conduct, and; the need to act fairly as between members of the company.6 This duty is subjective as per Lord Wilberforce in Howard Smith Ltd v Ampol [1974] AC 821 : "There is no appeal on merits from mangement decisions to courts of law: nor will the courts of law assume to act as a kind of supervisory board over decisions within the powers of maangmeent honestly arrived at".7 In general, the short term view would be that of maximization of profits for shareholders.; the long term view considers ultimate benefit of continued existence of company for all members present and future.8 Each director of Zed Ltd must be seen as taking both into consideration in determining if they were acting bona fide. Moreover, directors not entitled to take into account employee interests as per the case of Parke v Daily News Ltd [1962] 2 All ER 929.9 However, new provision introduced that "directors were to have regard to the interests of the company's employees in general as well as the interests of its members" (s.309 CA 1985).10 However, this section has been widely criticized. The fact that the other directors were accountants would not excuse them in any way if they claim to have been solely relying on Brad's expertise as s.173 CA 2006 imposes that each director has a duty to exercise

Economics Paper Essay Example for Free

Economics Paper Essay Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the total number of goods and services produced in an economy in a given year. Measured in monetary terms, it reflects the general output of an economy per given period of time. The so-called â€Å"price basket index† (the average price levels for all goods and services in an economy) is the standard maeasure of GDP (the base year is arbitrary). GDP, however, is a standard measure itself. It is used to measure business cycles. Business cycles are generally fluctuations of aggregate production schedules per given period of time (usually monthly). Several theorists attempted to formalize the theory behind business cycles to no avail. Explanatory variables offered by these theorists were either insignificant or in contradiction with accepted economic principles. In any case, the ratio of GDP to the potential GDP can serve as an indirect measurement of the level of production fluctuation in the economy. If the ratio is close to 1, then the level of business cycle in an economy is also minimal. If the variance is large, then the economy experiences high levels of production fluctuations. In order to remove these fluctuations, actual GDP must equal potential GDP. If an economy achieves potential GDP, then it is Pareto Efficient. Hence, the amount of fluctuations (which characterized inefficiency) is close to zero. The determination of fiscal policies is solely the function of the government. Fiscal policies refer to expenditures a government undertakes to provide goods and services and to the way in which the government finances these expenditures (like taxes and subsidies). In the United States, some of the agencies concerned with setting fiscal policies are as follows: agencies of the federal government like the Defense Department, Trade Department, and the Bureau of Internal Revenue, and agencies of state governments. Generally, fiscal policies can be undertaken by all levels of government. The general functions of these bodies are as follows: 1) Provide goods and services that the market will usually not provide; 2) Provide economic infrastracture that will facilitate the flow of goods and services in an economcy; 3) Increase government spending during times of uncertainty, economic crisis, and recessions; 4) Provide businesses and investors an elaborate system of information in order to reduce transaction costs; 5) And, create incentives schemes in order to encourage increased production (or create an optimal tax system where firms that produce negative externalities would be heavily taxed to reach the social optima). Fiscal policies encourage increased production in two ways. By providing incentive schemes or subsidies to particular industries, the government can expect a long-term increase in the economy’s output. Increasing government expenditure is seen by investors and firms as a sign of expected economic growth (psychological). By increasing government expenditure, the national income increases by a certain amount depending on the government multiplier (note that Y = C + I + G + NX). An increase in G reflects an increase in Y. This induces other participants in an economy to spend more (therefore save less). Increased government spending also has bearing on employment, inflation, and general wage levels. Sustained government spending results to sustained inflation. Employment is ambiguously affected (this depends on the capacity of the economy to create jobs). Wage levels decreases in the long-run because of lower aggregate demand for labor. In many cases, fiscal policies are matched with monetary policies in order to achieve a desirable economic state. However, the use of monetary policies is more complicated. Hence, a separate analysis must be reserved for this topic.

Some Leaders Are Born Some Are Made Religion Essay

Some Leaders Are Born Some Are Made Religion Essay Dreams float on an impatient wind, A wind that wants to create a new order. An order of strength and thundering of fire. from a poem written by Dr A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Some leaders are born, some are made but all dont have a trait that a great man like Dr. Kalam has. A great visionary, a thinker, philanthropist and overall a good human being. The man, ascetic in looks and behaviour, belongs to a rare breed of those who dream lofty dreams, and work hard to transform vision into reality.The man who played a key role in the nuclear tests at Pokharan in the Rajasthan desert on May 11 and 13, has a favourite quotation: We must think and act like a nation of a billion people and not like that of a million people. Dream, dream, dream ! Conduct these dreams into thoughts, and then transform them into action. Above all he is quintessentially Indian. Never allowing his astounding success as a scientist to diminish his humanity and humility. Despite having had an unparalleled career as a defense scientist and been crowned with the highest civilian award of India, the Bharat Ratna, he retains the common touch. As the scientific and technology advisor to the prime minister, he propelled India into the select club of missile powers. He resigned from the post to take up a more ambitious programme of teaching and creating scientific temper in the minds of young inquisitive and knowledge thirsty Indians. Dr A.P.J. Abdul Kalam is the undisputed father of Indias missile program. He has breathed life into ballistic missiles like the Agni and Prithvi, which put China and Pakistan well under Indias missile range. It is too exhausting to track Dr Abdul Kalams achievements to date. In the 60s and 70s he was a trail blazer in the space department. In the 80s he transformed the moribund Defence Research and Development Laboratory in Hyderabad into a highly motivated team. By the 90s Kalam emerged as the czar of Indian science and technology and was awarded the Bharat Ratna. His life and mission is a vindication of what a determined person can achieve against extraordinary odds. Do things yourself. Do not indulge in short-cuts by importing equipment, thundered the great scientist after the famed Pokhran-2 nuclear blasts in 1998. A strong advocate of this philosophy, he distributed newspapers at a young age to help with household expenses. A vegetarian and a teetotaller, Abdul Kalam recites the Quran and the Bhagvad Gita with equal ease. A confirmed bachelor, his modesty is evident from the fact that he gives all the credit to his colleagues. Abdul Kalam is a dreamer. He dreamt of a strong India. His next goal is to produce a reusable missile which no country in the world has been able to produce. And judging by his earlier achievements, this invention does not seem a distant possibility for this genius. As a child, he was fascinated by the flight of seagulls and the interest in flight led to a degree in aeronautical engineering, and eventually to his supervising the development of Indias guided missiles. Along the way, he found time to write Tamil poetry and learned to play the veena. Kalam believes that he has inherited honesty and self-discipline from his father, while faith in goodness and kindness is the trait inherited from his mother. His is a classic story of the magic of democracy where a person from a humble background can expect to rise to the most prestigious position in the country through sheer dint of merit. Kalam has the unique distinction of having received honorary doctorates from at least thirty universities. As a sign of his popularity among Indian youth, MTV-India recently nominated him as one of the prospects for its MTV India Youth Icon for the year 2006 Award. As Dr. Kalam said: You have to dream before your dreams can come true. Thinking should become your capital asset, no matter whatever ups and downs you come across in your life Climbing to the top demands strength, whether it is to the top of Mount Everest or to the top of your career We should not give up and we should not allow the problem to defeat us. God, our Creator, has stored within our minds and personalities, great potential strength and ability. Prayer helps us tap and develop these powers. God, our Creator, has stored within our minds and personalities, great potential strength and ability. Prayer helps us tap and develop these powers Man needs his difficulties because they are necessary to enjoy success If we are not free, no one will respect us Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam: From humble beginnings to Presidency. The Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was born on 15 October 1931 at Dhanushkodi in the Rameswaram district of Tamil Nadu. He was neither educated abroad, nor was his family financially very strong to support his academic pursuits. His father, Jainulabiddin Marakayar had to rent boats out to fishermen to pay for his school fees. His mother Ashiamma, had gained much formal education. His father possessed great innate wisdom, true generosity of spirit and was a spiritual person. He received secondary education at the Schwartz School, a missionary institute in Ramanathapuram, and later joined the St Josephs College at Tiruchirrapalli, where he graduated with a Bachelor in Science. Abdul Kalam went on to study Aeronautical Engineering at the Madras Institute of Technology. He was the first graduate in the family, with his brothers not even finishing school. He distributed newspapers at a young age to help with household expenses. Abdul Kalam was perhaps marked out to be different right from the beginning. Since he was the youngest in the family, he got his fair share of pampering from the elders. But neighbours remember him as a reserved boy who was very interested in reading books. In a way, library was the foundation on which Kalam built his career. After completing his third year at MIT, Kalam joined Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), Bangalore as a trainee. Here, he worked on piston and turbine engines examining as part of a team. He also received training on radial engine-cum-drum operations. In 1958, when he came out of HAL as a graduate of aeronautical engineering, he had his long-standing dream of flying, as two alternative opportunities for employment. One was the job at Directorate of Technical Development and Production (DTD P) of the Ministry of Defence and another was a career in the Indian Air Force. He applied at both the places, and the interview calls came simultaneously from both. He went to Delhi for an interview with DTD P, which did not challenge his knowledge of the subject. Then he went to Dehra Dun for interview with the Air Force Selection Board. Here too, the interview was more on personality test, rather than testing his knowledge. He stood ninth in the batch of 25, and eight officers were selected to be commissioned in the Air Force. Kalam could feel the opportunity to join the Air Force slipping from his hands. Dissapointed at his rejection by the IAF, Kalam visited Rishikesh where he bathed in the Ganga and met Swami Sivananda a man who looked like Buddha. He introduced himself to the Swamiji, who did not react to his Muslim identity. He asked Kalam about the reason for his sorrow. Kalam told him about his unsuccessful attempt to join the Indian Air Force and his long-cherished desire to fly. Sivananda guided him saying: Accept your destiny and go ahead with your life. You are not destined to become an Air Force pilot. What you are destined to become is not revealed now but it is predetermined. Forget this failure, as it was essential to lead you to your destined path. Search, instead, for the true purpose of your existence. Become one with yourself, my son! Surrender yourself to the wish of God. After returning to Delhi, Kalam received an appointment letter from DTD P. On the next day he joined as Senior Scientific Assistant, with a basic salary of Rs. 250/- per month. Here, he was posted at the Technical Center (Civil Aviation). He lost his resentment of failure, thinking he would be able to make aeroplanes airworthy if not fly aeroplanes. During his first year in the Directorate, he carried out a design assignment on supersonic target aircraft with the help of his officer-in-charge, R. Varadharajan, and won praise from the Director, Dr. Neelakantan. Then he was sent to the Aircraft and Armament Testing Unit(A ATU) at Kanpur to get shop-floor exposure to aircraft maintenance. Upon his return to Delhi, he was informed that the design of a DART target had been taken up at the DTD P and he was included in the design team. After that, he undertook a preliminary design study on Human Centrifuge. He designed and developed a vertical takeoff and landing platform, and Hot Cockpit. Three years later, the Aeronautical Development Establishment (ADE) was formed in Bangalore and he was posted there. At ADE, Kalam served as a senior scientific assistant, heading a small team that developed a prototype hovercraft. Defence Minister Krishna Menon rode in Indias first indigenous hovercraft with Kalam at the controls. But for reasons never explained, the project which would have been a considerable international achievement in those days, was not encouraged. This was probably one of the reasons why he moved out of ADE in 1962 and joined Indias space program. Thoroughly Indian, the only brief exposure that he got abroad was in 1963-64 when he was invited by NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) to spend four months in the United States at the Wallops Island Rocketry Centre and the Langley Research Centre. During 1963-82, he served the Indian Space Research Organisation(ISRO) in various capacities. Here Kalam initiated Fibre Reinforced Plastics (FRP) activities, then after a stint with the aerodynamics and design group, he joined the satellite launch vehicle team at Thumba, near Trivandram and soon became Project Director for SLV-3. As Project Director, he was responsible for carrying out the design, development, qualification and flight testing of 44 major sub systems. The project managed to put Rohini, a scientific satellite, into orbit in July 1980. He was honoured with a Padma Bhushan in 1981. In 1982, as Director of DRDO, Kalam was entrusted with the Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP), Indias most successful military research task to date. The programme constituted of 5 major projects for meeting the requirements of the defence services and for establishing re-entry technology. The 5 projects were scheduled to be completed in a time frame of only 10 years and consisted of: Nag an anti-tank guided missile Prithvi a surface-to-surface battlefield missile Akash a swift, medium-range surface-to-air missile. Trishul a quick-reaction surface-to-air missile with a shorter range. Agni an intermediate range ballistic missile, the mightiest of them all From his SLV-3 experience, Kalam had learned the advantages of team work and of sharing the tasks with partners in private and public sector industries. In the new management structure of the missile program, Kalam, as the Chairman of the Programme Management Board, delegated almost all executive and financial powers to five carefully selected Project Directors and kept himself free to address the core technology issues. His task was to inspire and monitor over 20 institutions and partners outside ranging from large public and private sector suppliers to small specialist firms that needed seed money to take up the precision tasks. The missiles went up more or less on schedule: Trishul in 1985, Prithvi in 1988, Agni in 1989 and the others in 1990. The development and successful flight test of Prithvi, Trishul, Akash, Nag, and Agni established the indigeneous capability towards self reliance in defence preparedness. The successful launching of Agni surface-to-surface missile was a unique achievement which made India a member of an exclusive club of highly developed countries. The Trishul has the unique distinction of being capable of serving all three services. The establishment of the Research Centre Imarat(RCI), a campus 8km from DRDL, in 1988 was perhaps the most satisfying achievement for Kalam during the missile years. He received generous funding from the Government to build the futuristic centre, which is totally geared for work in advanced missile technologies. Its state-of-the-art facilities are set in a unique ambience and the level of comfort accorded to the individual worker is matched by few RD institutions. And Kalams interest in the environment saw RCI emerge as an oasis in a rocky wasteland. It has a small farm that meets the food requirements of those who stay in the RCI quarters. Kalam was awarded the Padma Vibhushan in 1990. On 25th November 1997, in appreciation of his contributions to Indian defence and science, Dr A.P.J. Abdul Kalam was awarded Indias highest civilian honour- the Bharat Ratna. In October 1998, he bagged the prestigious Indira Gandhi award for national integration(for 1997). After 10 years in DRDL, he went to New Delhi to take over from Arunachalam as Scientific Adviser to the Defence Minister reluctantly, many in DRDL felt. But the system created by Kalam had taken a firm hold in that decade and the missile programme passed on smoothly into its final phase of production and induction. In Delhi, Kalam as head of the DRDO had to deliver other prestigious projects, such as the Arjun MBT and the Light Combat Aircraft(LCA) projects. Strength respects strength, this is Kalams usual response to the question why India needs its own missiles or a battle tank or a combat aircraft. While management practices he adopted for the missile program have inevitably rubbed off on these projects, there are no miracles to be had in strategic development areas. There have been technical problems. Even in the missile program, work on the SAMs and the ATM is slower than anticipated. But Trishuls recent multiple test flights have demonstrated that the system Kalam put in place has inherent strengths. Kalam is by no means a miracle man. As the head of a vast network of laboratories whose products include avalanche-controlling structures in Kashmir, water desalination kits for the Thar desert, a world class sonar submarine finder for the latest warship INS Delhi, and infra-red night vision goggles for the Indian Army Kalams attention is necessarily a bit diffused. His self-effacing persona cloaks a formidable catalyst who can make people work. Kalam is happiest at the drawing board, in discussion with his scientists on how their dreams for the next millennium can be fulfilled. The projects envisaged include an air breathing hyperplane spacecraft that draws oxygen from the atmosphere rather than carry it all the way from the ground, reusable missiles and stealth technology. Kalam has shown that with adequate funding, freedom from procedural holdups and a people-oriented management, India can make products of internationally acceptable technical standards in a demanding arena like defence. Science, according to Kalam, is a global phenomenon. He feels there are a few areas where India can develop its core competence. These areas are software engineering, computer products and design, agriculture and food, aviation, defence research and space technology and chemical engineering. This will lead to a highly beneficial economic and social progress for the nation. On 25th November 1999, Dr A.P.J. Abdul Kalam was appointed Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India and accorded the rank of a Cabinet Minister. His role was to advise on overall scientific development in the country on issues relating to scientific and technical policy in different sectors. Kalam also advised on matters relating to achieving technological self-reliance and foreign collaboration. On December 8, 2000, the Deputy Chairman of Planning Commission, Shri K.C. Pant conferred the Life-time Contribution Award in Engineering 2000 on Dr A.P.J. Abdul Kalam at the annual function of the Indian National Academy of Engineering in New Delhi. Speaking on the occasion, Kalam said that Engineering and technology should be used for the upliftment of the people living below the poverty line. On November 10, 2001, Dr A.P.J. Abdul Kalam quit as principal scientific advisor to the government. Sources close to Kalam, said he quit because of lack of executive authority. However Kalam had been for quite some time keen on pursuing academic interests and helping scientists across the country in developing their research capabilities. Thats why after quitting he took over the job as distinguished professor at Anna University. Dr Kalam has spent the past few years developing the concept of India Millennium Missions 2020 a blueprint for transforming India into a developed nation. He calls it the second vision of the nation and says he wants to focus on the children of India to ignite in their minds a love for science and the nations mission: a developed India. On July 25, 2002, Dr A.P.J. Abdul Kalam was sworn in as the 11th President of India by Chief Justice of India B.N. Kirpal in the Central Hall of Parliament at an impressive function telecast live across the country. Kalam took the oath in the name of God as a 21-gun salute boomed in the background Dr. Abdul Kalam has visualized the following distinctive profile for India by the year 2020: 1. A Nation where the rural and urban divide has reduced to a thin line. 2. A Nation where there is an equitable distribution and adequate access to energy and quality water. 3. A Nation where agriculture, industry and service sector work together in symphony. 4. A Nation where education with value system is not denied to any meritorious candidates because of societal or economic discrimination. 5. A Nation which is the best destination for the most talented scholars, scientists, and investors. 6. A Nation where the best of health care is available to all. 7. A Nation where the governance is responsive, transparent and corruption free. 8. A Nation where poverty has been totally eradicated, illiteracy removed and crimes against women and children are absent and none in the society feels alienated. 9. A Nation that is prosperous, healthy, secure, peaceful and happy and continues with a sustainable growth path. 10. A Nation that is one of the best places to live in and is proud of its leadership. Dr. Kalam: The Kind Human A truly Inspirational Story of a boss! On a day at TERLS: There were about 70 scientists working on a very hectic project. All of them were really frustrated due to the pressure of work and the demands of their boss but everyone was loyal to him and did not think of quitting the job. One day, one scientist came to his boss and told him Sir, I have promised to my children that I will take them to the exhibition going on in our township. So I want to leave the office at 5 30 pm. His boss replied OK, Youre permitted to leave the office early today. The Scientist started working. He continued his work after lunch. As usual he got involved to such an extent that he looked at his watch when he felt he was close to completion. The time was 8.30 PM. Suddenly he remembered of the promise he had given to his children.He looked for his boss, He was not there. Having told him in the morning itself, he closed everything and left for home. Deep within himself, he was feeling guilty for having disappointed his children. He reached home. Children were not there. His wife alone was sitting in the hall and reading magazines.The situation was explosive, any talk would boomerang on him. His wife asked him Would you like to have coffee or shall I straight away serve dinner if you are hungry.The man replied If you would like to have coffee, I too will have but what about Children . Wife replied You dont know , Your manager came here at 5.15 PM and has taken the children to the exhibition .What had really happened was .: The boss who granted him permission was observing him working seriously at 5.00 PM. He thought to himself, this person will not leave the work, but if he has promised his children they should enjoy the visit to exhibition. So he took the lead in taking them to exhibition. The boss does not have to do it every time. But once it is done, loyalty is established.That is why all the scientists at Thumba continued to work under their boss even though the stress was tremendous. The boss was none other than Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam . Another Life incident, when Dr. Kalam was asked a question : Could you give an example, from your own experience, of how leaders should manage failure? Dr. Kalam  said Let me tell you about my experience. In 1973 I became the project director of Indias satellite launch vehicle program, commonly called the SLV-3. Our goal was to put Indias Rohini satellite into orbit by 1980. I was given funds and human resources but was told clearly that by 1980 we had to launch the satellite into space. Thousands of people worked together in scientific and technical teams towards that goal. By 1979 I think the month was August we thought we were ready. As the project director, I went to the control center for the launch. At four minutes before the satellite launch, the computer began to go through the checklist of items that needed to be checked. One minute later, the computer program put the launch on hold; the display showed that some control components were not in order. My experts I had four or five of them with me told me not to worry; they had done their calculations and there was enough reserve fuel. So I bypassed the computer, switched to manual mode, and launched the rocket. In the first stage, everything worked fine. In the second stage, a problem developed. Instead of the satellite going into orbit, the whole rocket system plunged into the Bay of Bengal. It was a big failure. That day, the chairman of the Indian Space Research Organization, Prof. Satish Dhawan, had called a press conference. The launch was at 7:00 am, and the press conference where journalists from around the world were present was at 7:45 am at ISROs satellite launch range in Sriharikota [in Andhra Pradesh in southern India]. Prof. Dhawan, the leader of the organization, conducted the press conference himself. He took responsibility for the failure he said that the team had worked very hard, but that it needed more technological support. He assured the media that in another year, the team would definitely succeed. Now, I was the project director, and it was my failure, but instead, he took responsibility for the failure as chairman of the organization. The next year, in July 1980, we tried again to launch the satellite and this time we succeeded. The whole nation was jubilant. Again, there was a press conference. Prof. Dhawan called me aside and told me, You conduct the press conference today. I learned a very important lesson that day. When failure occurred, the leader of the organization owned that failure. When success came, he gave it to his team. The best management lesson I have learned did not come to me from reading a book; it came from that experience. Dr. Kalams Inspirational messages: As a child of God, I am greater than anything that can happen to me. Be more dedicated to making solid achievements than in running after swift but synthetic happiness. Climbing to the top demands strength, whether it is to the top of Mount Everest or to the top of your career. Do we not realize that self respect comes with self reliance? Educationists should build the capacities of the spirit of inquiry, creativity, entrepreneurial and moral leadership among students and become their role model. English is necessary as at present original works of science are in English. I believe that in two decades times original works of science will start coming out in our languages. Then we can move over like the Japanese. God, our Creator, has stored within our minds and personalities, great potential strength and ability. Prayer helps us tap and develop these powers. Great dreams of great dreamers are always transcended. I was willing to accept what I couldnt change. If a country is to be corruption free and become a nation of beautiful minds, I strongly feel there are three key societal members who can make a difference. They are the father, the mother and the teacher. In India we only read about death, sickness, terrorism, crime. It means, people who are in high and responsible positions, if they go against righteousness, righteousness itself will get transformed into a destroyer. Let us sacrifice our today so that our children can have a better tomorrow. Life is a difficult game. You can win it only by retaining your birthright to be a person. Look at the sky. We are not alone. The whole universe is friendly to us and conspires only to give the best to those who dream and work. Man needs his difficulties because they are necessary to enjoy success. My view is that at a younger age your optimism is more and you have more imagination etc. You have less bias. No religion has mandated killing others as a requirement for its sustenance or promotion. Those who cannot work with their hearts achieve but a hollow, half-hearted success that breeds bitterness all around. To succeed in your mission, you must have single-minded devotion to your goal. Unless India stands up to the world, no one will respect us. In this world, fear has no place. Only strength respects strength. We have not invaded anyone. We have not conquered anyone. We have not grabbed their land, their culture, their history and tried to enforce our way of life on them. We must think and act like a nation of a billion people and not like that of a million people. Dream, dream, dream! We should not give up and we should not allow the problem to defeat us. We will be remembered only if we give to our younger generation a prosperous and safe India, resulting out of economic prosperity coupled with civilizational heritage. Why are we, as a nation so obsessed with foreign things? Is it a legacy of our colonial years? We want foreign television sets. We want foreign shirts. We want foreign technology. Why this obsession with everything imported? You have to dream before your dreams can come true. Thinking is progress. Non-thinking is stagnation of the individual, organisation and the country. Thinking leads to action. Knowledge without action is useless and irrelevant. Knowledge with action, converts adversity into prosperity. When you speak, speak the truth; perform when you promise; discharge your trust Withhold your hands from striking, and from taking that which is unlawful and bad What actions are most excellent? To gladden the heart of a human being, to feed the hungry, to help the afflicted to lighten the sorrow of the sorrowful and to remove the wrongs of injured Away! Fond thoughts, and vex my soul no more! Work claimed my wakeful nights, my busy days Albeit brought memories of Rameswaram shore Yet haunt my dreaming gaze! I will not be presumptuous enough to say that my life can be a role model for anybody; but some poor child living in an obscure place in an underprivileged social setting may find a little solace in the way my destiny has been shaped. It could perhaps help such children liberate themselves from the bondage of their illusory backwardness and hopelessness?.. My worthiness is all my doubt His Merit- all my fear- Contrasting which my quality Does however appear   Indeed APJ Abdul Kalam is a great personality, whose contemplated words mean much more than just the literal meaning. Some lessons in the life of Dr. Kalam. In 1936; Kalams education initiated at the age of 5 years in Rameswaram Panchayat elementary school. He had a Teacher Muthu Iyer who took special interest in him as he performed very well in a class exercise. He was impressed and next day he came his house to tell his father that Abdul was a very good student. His parents were happy and he also got his favourite sweet from his mother. When he was in first class, one day he did not turn up at school. Teacher Muthu Iyer noticed his absence and same evening he went to Kalams father to ask what the problem was and whether he can do anything to help. On that day, Kalam was having fever. Another important thing, which he noticed was Kalams hand writing, was very poor. He gave a three page writing exercise ensured that Kalam did the exercise everyday regularly. By these actions of his teacher Muthu Iyer, Kalams father believed that Muthu Iyer was not only a good teacher but also a great influence who shaped kalam with good habits. Kalam was studying in 5th class at the age of 10 when he was given a vision for his life. He had a teacher, Shri Siva Subramania Iyer. He was a very good teacher. One day he was teaching about birds flight. He drew a diagram of a bird on the blackboard depicting the wings, tail and the body structure with the head. He explained how the birds create the lift and fly. He also explained how they change direction while flying. Nearly 25 minutes he gave the lecture with various information such as lift, drag and how the birds fly in a formation of 10, 20 or 30 etc. At the end of the class, he wanted to know whether the students understood how the birds fly, to which Kalam replied he didnt understand. When he said this, he asked the other students whether they understood or not. Many students said that they did not understand. Hence, the teacher took the students to the beach that evening and asked them to observe how the bird flapped their wings, twisted their tales to give directions to the flight and used their will, motivation and own life to act as the engine of their flight. The theory coupled with practical example gave Kalam the goal and mission in life. He worked towards joining aeronautical engineering in MIT, Chennai Greatly inspired by Aryabhata, Srinivasa Ramanujan, Brahmagupta and Bhaskaracharyas work as Indians who had made significant contributions to astronomy and mathematics, Kalam had found his areas of interest and motivational figures. Working under Prof. Srinivasan, the then Director of MIT, Kalam was given a project in third year of his course, he was assigned a project to design a low-level attack aircraft together with six other colleagues. He was given the responsibility of system design and system integration by integrating the team members. Also, he was responsible for aerodynamic and structural design of the project. The other five of the team took up the design of propulsion, control, guidance, avionics and instrumentation of the aircraft. He reviewed the project and declared Kalams work to be gloomy and disappointing. He didnt lend an ear to Kalams difficulties in bringing together data base from multiple designers. Kalam asked for a months time and Dr. Srinivasan gave only 3 days time. Also, a warning that if the task was not completed in time, Kalams scholarship would be revoked. Kalam had a jolt of life, as scholarship was the lifeline, without which he could not continue with his studies. So the team, skipping the dinner

Abortion should be illegal :: essays research papers

Abortion should be Illegal The words of an unborn baby are ones that almost no one ever thinks of, or hears. One of this country's most controversial topics is abortion. However, if one sees the constitutional infringement to women by the restriction of abortion; the torment to the unwanted child; and the anguish society has to sustain, then this topic would not be so debatable. Too many people do not see the effect that abortions cause. It is a very dangerous offence that affects the mother, father, the community, and most importantly, the fetus, and that is why abortion should be illegal in Canada. First, abortion is against God’s law in many Holy books such as the Bible and the Quran. Secondly, abortion does not only affect the individual, but the community as a whole, and the rights of those people are infringed on. However, abortion does nothing in the cases of rape, or women’s rights, which is the constant argument people in favour of abortion argue. And lastly, abortion should be seen for what it is, murder. What gives us the right to decide who should live and who should die? That is God's decision. The fetus, the innocent human life whose only protection in the world is its mother's womb can no longer feel protected because even its very own mother could have it murdered. Yet that baby did nothing to deserve to have its life snatched away so suddenly. How can a tiny baby who can feel, breathe, and move be condemned to die without ever saying or doing anything wrong? In our constitution, we are all given the right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Why is it that a baby is not given these rights as well?

Qualities of Ratan Tata Essay

PERSONAL POWER —-Krishna Kumar, in an internal interview published on the group’s website in March, had also praised Ratan Tata for his contributions to not only the group, but the business and industry as a whole and called him a ‘born leader’. Visionary—Good Communicator–A visionary leader has good communication skills. She knows how to verbalize her dreams and goals and can explain them to his team. For the leader, communication isn’t just one-sided. In addition to sharing her vision for the future, a visionary leader is also an active listener. As more people â€Å"catch the vision,† leaders listen to their ideas and thoughts, incorporating them into the larger goal. Visionaries involve others in reaching their milestones and help the team members meet their personal goals.Charismatic Leader–Visionary leaders also have charisma. Merriam-Webster defines charisma as a â€Å"personal magic of leadership arousing special popular loyalty.† Not everyone is born with this â€Å"personal magic,† but they can learn and cultivate it. Charisma is a natural attraction that draws people to the leader and the leader’s enthusiasm.Chief Organizer–Visionary leaders also are chief organizers. While many leaders have administrators that manage the processes, the leader often sets up the organization by establishing key departments or functions. As the organizer-in-chief, the visionary directs, develops and conducts meetings until reliable help is found. During the initial organization, a leader will take the time build a solid foundation through establishing boards, councils or a company hierarchy. Strategic Planner–Visionary leaders are strategic planners. Like a chess player, these leaders plan ahead to make the best business moves. Strategic planning involves creating an action plan with a particular strategy in mind. The leader’s vision defines what the organization will look like in the future and how it will function. His strategies are designed to take him toward his ultimate vision. COURAGEOUS Risk-taker–Visionary leaders, like Washington, are notable risk-takers. These leaders are willing to gamble on something they believe in, but the gamble is often a measured one. Visionaries are creative people that take the initiative with the appropriate action. Visionaries take intelligent risks that capitalize on prime conditions. This kind of leader starts small by taking measured steps than later bigger risks.INSPIRING Passionate—-He was the chairman of the group from 1991-2012. He stepped down as the  chairman on 28 December 2012 and now holds the position of Chairman Emeritus of the group which is an honorary and advisory position. He will continue as the chairman of the groups charitable trusts.Even at this age he is able to work for his company showing loyality, respectiv eness and passion towards his work which is definetly an inspiration for young leaders. There are three characteristics that I have noticed among leaders that make them conscious, responsible and effective leaders — Tata demonstrates all the three.One: Leader has a bigger, higher purpose for you and your organization that expresses responsiveness to community. While some organizations do create the higher purpose, they do not operationalise that. In the absence of translating the higher purpose into actions, these statements become static and meaningless, limited to websites and decorating boardrooms. Individuals and organizations that have imbibed their higher purpose experience more meaning in their life and fulfillment. An organisation that has a well-articulated and an operationalised higher purpose would create sustainable business success, employee loyalty, satisfaction and a sense of pride. Tata group is an ideal example of all that. CREATIVE Two: Leader uses creative rather than reactive tendencies to get results. Some people achieve it using reactive com petencies and tendencies like controlling, manipulating, pleasing and complying. While some others achieve similar or better results using creative tendencies like relating, self awareness, purposeful actions, and authenticity. If an organisation is only interested in driving financial results, they might be doing this by using reactive competencies. Results can be achieved using multiple motivational drivers. Someone who is extremely insecure and controlling will use those tendencies to drive results. Tata used more creative competencies to lead the organization. INNOVATIVE IMAGINATIVE EXPERIMENTAL INITIATES CHANGE— His imagination ability inovated lots of ideas which were on the side of company’s growth which were both experimented and executed with a positive result creating a change in the history of reputation of company by building a base of company’s growth Three: Leaders operate from higher order values. Robert Kegan, a professor at Harvard Graduate School, proposed the need for leaders to scale their abilities to the higher orders so that they can solve complex problems and create personal transformation. Richard Barret, author and expert on values, talks about seven levels of consciousness. While  survival, selfish wealth creation, power, greed, status and being liked can be considered as lower order values, self actualisation, service, trust, honesty and Integrity can be considered as higher end-values. Ratan Tata was a ‘terrific combination’ of the four necessary leadership characteristics — character, commitment, competence and courage. ï‚ · Leaders inspire others because they are inspired themselves. They are excited about the possibility of creating an exciting future for themselves. They get up every morning and they see every effort they make as part of a great plan to accomplish something wonderful with their lives.ï‚ · Leaders are optimistic. They see opportunities in everything that happens, positive or negative. They look for the good in every situation and in every person. They seek the valuable lessons contained in every problem or setback. They never experience â€Å"failures;† instead, they write them off as â€Å"learn ing experiences.†Ã¯â€š · Leaders have a sense of meaning and purpose in each area of their lives. They have clear, written goals and plans they work on every day. Leaders are clear about where they are going and what they will have to do to get there. Their behavior is purposeful and goal-directed. As a result, they accomplish five and ten times as much as the average person who operates from day to day with little concern about the future.ï‚ · Leaders accept personal responsibility. Leaders never complain, never explain. Instead of making excuses, they make progress. Whenever they have a set-back or difficulty, they repeat to themselves, â€Å"I am responsible! I am responsible! I am responsible!†Ã¯â€š · Leaders see themselves as victors over circumstances rather than victims of circumstances. They don’t criticize or blame others when something goes wrong. Instead, they focus on the solution.ï‚ · Leaders are action-oriented. They are constantly in motion. They try something, and then som ething else, and then something else again. They never give up.ï‚ · Leaders have integrity. They tell the truth at all times. They live in truth with themselves, and they live in truth with others.